Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Practice Test

What is an ischemic stroke?

1. A stroke caused by a blood clot blocking a blood vessel in the brain

2. A stroke caused by external head trauma

3. A stroke resulting from high blood pressure

4. A stroke due to a fungal infection in the brain

The correct answer is: A stroke caused by a blood clot blocking a blood vessel in the brain

An ischemic stroke occurs when there is a blockage in a blood vessel supplying blood to the brain, typically caused by a blood clot. This blockage reduces or entirely stops the flow of oxygen-rich blood to a specific part of the brain, leading to the death of brain cells and potentially resulting in long-term neurological deficits or even death. The primary mechanism behind ischemic strokes involves the formation of a clot that obstructs a blood vessel, which can occur due to various conditions, such as atherosclerosis (narrowing of the arteries due to plaque build-up) or embolism (when a clot travels from another part of the body and lodges in a brain artery). In contrast, other types of strokes, such as hemorrhagic strokes, result from bleeding in the brain, either from ruptured blood vessels due to trauma or high blood pressure. While high blood pressure is a significant risk factor for ischemic strokes, it is not a direct cause on its own; hence, it does not define the nature of an ischemic stroke. Additionally, strokes are not typically caused by external trauma or infections such as fungal infections, which would involve different sets of medical issues entirely. Therefore, the correct understanding of ischemic strokes distinctly points to the blockage of