Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Practice Test

What occurs in an embolism?

1. Blood clot dissolves on its own

2. Blood vessel constricts

3. Blood pressure rises

4. Something floats into and clogs the cerebral circulation

The correct answer is: Something floats into and clogs the cerebral circulation

In the context of an embolism, the correct answer relates to the action of a substance – often a blood clot, but it may also involve air bubbles, fat, or other debris – floating through the bloodstream until it lodges within a blood vessel and obstructs flow. This obstruction can occur in various locations within the body, including the cerebral circulation, which can severely impact blood flow to the brain and lead to conditions like a stroke. The occurrence of an embolism can lead to significant medical emergencies, as the blockage can prevent oxygen and nutrients from reaching tissues downstream, potentially causing damage or tissue death. Recognizing this mechanism is critical for EMTs, who may encounter patients affected by embolisms and must act quickly to manage their care effectively. Understanding the nature of embolisms helps clarify why the other options don't apply: the body's ability to dissolve a blood clot on its own represents a different process, blood vessel constriction is a physiological response not directly related to embolism, and an increase in blood pressure, while potentially a consequence of various conditions, isn't specific to embolism itself.